The most efficient way to move teeth is with "braces." They are comprised of brackets that are cemented directly (bonded) to the teeth. The bracket acts as a handle to control the movement of each individual tooth. What actually moves the tooth is the resilient force of the arch wire that connects to the brackets. Throughout the course of treatment, the arch wires are adjusted by the orthodontist.  

Since the forces caused by chewing are the strongest on the back teeth, brackets attached to bands are often used. A band is a metal ring that is cemented around the tooth and is often stronger than a bonded bracket. Bands, bonds, brackets and arch wires are the primary components that make up braces.

Upper teeth usually overlap slightly over the lower teeth. Often the braces have to be applied in stages, starting with the upper teeth. After the upper teeth have moved slightly, there is generally enough room to apply the lower braces. This second stage usually can be started approximately three to six months after the upper braces have been placed.

There are minor inconveniences, but most people adjust to braces quickly. Certain hard foods, sticky foods and foods high in sugar content should be avoided; and the teeth may be a little tender after major adjustments. The good news is that the new developments in orthodontic materials and techniques have significantly decreased discomfort of wearing braces, and also decreased the frequency of office visits and overall treatment time.

Some of the new developments include:

Success of the orthodontic treatment will depend on cooperative efforts of the orthodontist, the patient and the parent (if patient is a minor). Patients who brush thoroughly, avoid hard and sticky foods, wear their rubber bands and /or headgear as instructed and keep their appointments usually finish treatment on time with good results. Regular visits to your family dentist for a routine dental check-up, cleaning and fluoride delivery must continue during orthodontic treatment and are extremely important.

The treatment goal of a healthy mouth and a beautiful smile is only possible through partnership effort among the orthodontist, family dentist and patient.